Achilles Tendinitis
Andreas Leonidou
Orthopaedic Surgeon
56 Kifisias Ave. & Delfon St.,
Marousi, 15125
- Symptoms
- Conservative Treatment
- Surgical Treatment
- Cost
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Achilles tendinitis, also known as Achilles tendinopathy, is a common condition that affects the Achilles tendon, which is the largest and strongest tendon in the human body. The Achilles tendon connects the calf muscles to the heel bone and is responsible for propulsion when we walk, run, or jump. Achilles tendinitis is one of the most common causes of heel pain.
Achilles Tendinitis – Aetiology
Achilles tendinitis can be caused by various factors, such as overuse, inappropriate footwear, and biomechanical imbalances. The condition occurs more frequently in runners and athletes who participate in sports that require jumping, rotation, or sudden changes of direction, such as basketball, tennis, or football.
Overuse is a common cause of Achilles tendinitis. When the tendon is subjected to repetitive stress or strain, it may develop swelling and inflammation. This can occur gradually over time or may happen suddenly as a result of an abrupt increase in the level or intensity of activity.
Inappropriate footwear can also contribute to Achilles tendinitis. Shoes that do not provide adequate support or shock absorption may increase pressure on the Achilles tendon and cause inflammation.
Biomechanical imbalances can also play a role in the development of Achilles tendinitis. For example, individuals with flat feet or high arches may be more prone to the condition, as these foot types can place additional stress on the Achilles tendon.
Achilles Tendinitis – Symptoms
The symptoms of Achilles tendinitis may vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some common symptoms include:
Pain and stiffness in the Achilles tendon and heel, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
Pain that worsens with activity or exercise
Swelling and tenderness of the Achilles tendon
A grinding sensation when moving the ankle
A lump or thickening in the Achilles tendon near the heel
Achilles Tendinitis – Diagnosis
A patient with Achilles tendinitis requires assessment by an Orthopaedic Surgeon. Dr Leonidou will take a detailed medical history and examine you. The doctor may perform an ultrasound scan and will discuss the recommended treatment options with you. Occasionally, further investigations such as plain X-rays or an MRI scan may be required to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity.
Achilles Tendinitis – Treatment
Treatment for Achilles tendinitis depends on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, rest, ice, and painkillers may be sufficient to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms. The following are some common treatments for Achilles tendinitis:- Rest: It is important to avoid activities that aggravate the Achilles tendon, such as running or jumping, until the condition has healed.
- Ice: Applying ice for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, several times a day, can help reduce pain and swelling.
- Compression: The use of a compression bandage or a specialised orthopaedic brace can help reduce swelling and provide support to the Achilles tendon.
- Elevation: Keeping the affected foot above the level of the heart can help reduce swelling and promote healing.
- Physiotherapy: Stretching and strengthening exercises, as well as massage, help improve flexibility and reduce tension on the Achilles tendon.
- Insoles: Specially made insoles with a small heel lift, following a foot pressure analysis, help correct biomechanical imbalances and reduce pressure on the Achilles tendon.
- Medication: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Shockwave therapy: Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) uses high-frequency sound waves to promote healing and reduce pain and inflammation in the Achilles tendon.
- Injection therapy: Injection of autologous biological factors (PRP) helps reduce inflammation and pain.
- Surgery: In severe cases of Achilles tendinitis, surgery may be required to repair or remove damaged tissue.
Achilles Tendinitis – Complications
It is important not to neglect the treatment of Achilles tendinitis. If left untreated, tendinitis causes gradual degeneration of the tendon, which may lead to rupture (tear). The patient experiences sharp pain at the back of the leg, as if they had received a blow, and is unable to walk or move the ankle. An Achilles tendon rupture may require surgical repair. If you have Achilles tendinitis, consult the specialist Orthopaedic Surgeon Dr Andreas Leonidou. For more information and appointments, please contact us.Book your appointment for immediate diagnosis, specialist care, and targeted treatment in just one visit.